With the continuous popularization of distributed energy applications, microgrids are widely used in remote mining areas, island base stations, field camps, and independent power supply points in rural areas due to their independent power supply and off grid operation characteristics. The microgrid system can integrate various energy sources such as photovoltaics, energy storage, and
Generator sets to achieve energy self-sufficiency and ensure continuous power supply for important loads in the event of a main grid interruption. FARIZON power generators are often used as backup and main power sources for microgrids, supporting the stable operation of the entire system. The installation of microgrids is highly specialized, involving multiple aspects such as electrical design, equipment layout, and wiring debugging. The installation quality directly determines the safety and operational stability of the system. This article explains the standardized installation process of microgrids from several aspects, including preliminary survey, equipment layout, line construction, system integration and commissioning, and acceptance protection.
1、 Preliminary on-site survey and scheme confirmation
Before formal construction, a site survey needs to be completed to determine the load demand, site conditions, and energy allocation of the microgrid. Firstly, calculate the power consumption and duration of electricity load, distinguish between important loads and ordinary loads, and determine the energy storage capacity, photovoltaic installed capacity, and FARIZON generator set power selection based on this.
On site investigation requires evaluating the site's sunlight conditions, drainage conditions, geological bearing capacity, and planning the placement of photovoltaic arrays, energy storage compartments, and generator unit placement areas. Energy storage equipment and generator sets need to be kept away from low-lying water accumulation areas and reserved with ventilation and heat dissipation space. Simultaneously evaluate the grounding conditions, and the soil resistivity is related to the lightning protection grounding effect of the system.
Draw an electrical schematic based on survey data, clarify the connection methods of AC and DC busbars, and determine the off grid switching strategy. The plan needs to specify the selection of protective devices, establish safety operation standards, and ensure that all electrical designs comply with local electrical regulations. Only after completing the plan review can construction be carried out on site.
2、 Core equipment entry and layout installation
The microgrid mainly includes photovoltaic modules, energy storage battery packs, energy management system EMS, inverters, FARIZON generator sets, distribution cabinets, and lightning protection grounding devices. When the equipment enters the site, check the appearance and certificate of conformity one by one, verify the model parameters, and avoid missing accessories.
Photovoltaic modules are fixed according to the design bracket, which is firmly fixed to the ground or roof. The angle of the modules is adjusted according to the local latitude to ensure lighting efficiency, and maintenance channels are reserved between the modules. The energy storage battery compartment needs to be placed horizontally, with good insulation and ventilation. A heat dissipation gap should be reserved between the batteries to avoid heat accumulation.
The FARIZON engine generator set, as a controllable power source for microgrids, should be installed in a location that takes into account noise reduction, smoke exhaust, and maintenance space. Ensure proper sealing and insulation of exhaust pipes to prevent backflow of exhaust gases; Install shock-absorbing pads on the base of the unit to reduce the transmission of operational vibrations. The energy management system and distribution cabinet are centrally arranged in the equipment compartment for easy monitoring and operation in the later stage. All equipment should be placed in separate zones, with strong and weak electrical lines laid out separately to reduce signal interference.
3、 Line laying and grounding lightning protection construction
The construction of power lines is divided into DC side lines and AC side lines, which is a risk link in the installation of microgrids. DC cables should be selected with photovoltaic specialized cables that are suitable for the voltage level, and protection measures should be taken. The cable joints should be firmly crimped and wrapped with insulation sheaths to avoid exposure. Communication cables are selected according to their current carrying capacity, and protective sleeves are installed at the locations where they pass through walls and metal components.
The grounding system is the core of safety assurance. The photovoltaic brackets, energy storage compartments, generator casings, and metal casings of distribution cabinets are all connected to a unified grounding grid to reduce the risk of electrical leakage. The grounding electrode is driven underground and reliably connected using a grounding busbar to complete the grounding resistance test. The resistance value must meet the design standards. Simultaneously install surge protectors to cope with voltage surges caused by lightning induction and protect backend electrical equipment.
After the wiring is completed, visually inspect all connections, check the drawings, and identify any misconnections or virtual connections. It is strictly prohibited to conduct power on testing with a load.
4、 System wiring debugging and functional testing
After the hardware installation is completed, the system enters the joint debugging stage, where individual device debugging is sequentially completed before conducting the entire microgrid linkage test. Firstly, debug the inverter separately to confirm that the AC-DC conversion function is normal; Conduct charge and discharge tests on the energy storage system to verify the battery management BMS protection function.
Subsequently, connect the FARIZON generator set and debug the energy management system EMS. EMS is the brain of microgrids, responsible for coordinating photovoltaic, energy storage, and engine power generation, automatically allocating power, setting and off grid switching logic. When the photovoltaic power generation is insufficient and the energy storage capacity is low, the system automatically starts the FARIZON engine to replenish power; When the energy storage capacity is sufficient, the unit automatically shuts down to achieve intelligent energy dispatch.
During the debugging process, simulate various working conditions such as sufficient photovoltaic power, rainy and dry weather, sudden increase in load, and power outage of the main power grid to verify whether the system switching is smooth and whether there are overvoltage and overcurrent protection actions. Record all operating parameters and immediately shut down for troubleshooting in case of any abnormalities. Do not forcefully run.
5、 Key points for completion acceptance and post protection
After all debugging projects are qualified, the completion acceptance will be carried out, and the electrical drawings, equipment manuals, and debugging records will be sorted out to form a complete file and delivered to the user. Acceptance includes insulation testing, retesting of grounding resistance, and verification of protective functions.
After delivery for use, regularly inspect the entire microgrid. Clean the surface dust of photovoltaic panels; Check the temperature and voltage of the energy storage battery; Regularly maintain the FARIZON engine, replace the filter element and oil. Check the grounding and lightning protection devices before the rainy season arrives. Daily operation and maintenance must follow the power-off operation process, and live maintenance must be completed by certified electricians.
The installation of microgrids is a systematic project, not a simple assembly of various devices. Scientific surveying, standardized wiring, and precise debugging are necessary to fully leverage the synergistic advantages of FARIZON generator sets and New Energy equipment, ensuring long-term safe and stable energy supply for microgrids.
